Worth a Thousand Words: Issue #025
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Category: Uncategorized
Ultimate Photo Tips Is Here to Help You Capture “WOW” Photos
© Julie Waterhouse
The Mission
My goal for Ultimate Photo Tips is to help you, my readers, feel happier and more fulfilled. Wow! That sounds like a lofty ideal. How do I plan to achieve it? That’s easy! 🙂
Being creative makes you happier, and being happy makes you more creative. It’s the perfect positive feedback cycle! Also, being good at something helps you enjoy it more, and feel more fulfilled when you do it. If I can help you to become a better and more creative photographer, then I will achieve my goal of making you feel happier and more fulfilled.
Do You Fear That You Are Not Creative Enough?
Everyone has the potential to be creative! If I can do it, so can you!
Many people tell me that they don’t think they are creative. Often those people come from technical or scientific backgrounds where logic and analytical thinking are emphasized, often (sadly) at the expense of creativity.
Good news! Creativity comes from the heart! It’s about translating how you feel into a photograph that communicates to your viewers.
More good news (written to appeal to you technically-trained folk! :-)! Research shows that the conventional wisdom of left-brain logic versus right-brain creativity is flawed. Creativity, and in fact, all activities, integrate both left and right brain thinking.
So take heart! You won’t find a more analytical thinker than me! After nearly 25 years of education and working in a highly technical field, I felt sapped of my creativity. It was, however, still inside me, and just needed re-awakening. Photography has helped me to get back in touch with my creativity — and my happiness.
What is creativity? Creativity encompasses both vision and execution. This means that photographic creativity has two parts: the art and the craft. You must first be inspired with a great idea, but then you must also translate that idea into a final image so that it can be understood by your viewer.
I firmly believe that both the technical AND the "artistic" aspects of creativity can be learned through training and practice. Here on Ultimate Photo Tips, I want to provide articles, images, exercises, and challenges that will both inspire and teach creativity so that you can master the skills necessary to take great images, reach your full creative potential, and become happier and more fulfilled!
About Julie
© Peter Ainley
Julie Waterhouse is the author and photographer behind the Ultimate Photo Tips website. Julie is a fine art photographer and photography instructor. She resides in Markham, Ontario, Canada, just a short drive from the local farmland and woods she loves to photograph.
Her current work is focused on two themes. The first is Ontario farmland. She grew up in a rural area outside Ottawa, and feels very much at home in that environment. She has recently combined this subject matter with her new interest in night photography. The second theme is macro photography of natural subjects, with a special passion for flowers. This reflects the love of details that pervades all aspects of her life. Julie has created a beautiful book that pairs her flower images with inspirational quotes.
She is passionate about photography, and loves to teach workshops, coach one-on-one, and share her passion in any way she can. This website was born out of a desire to reach even more budding photographers.
She has taken photographic courses and workshops from Freeman Patterson, Tony Sweet, Richard Martin, John Paul Caponigro, and Lance Keimig. Julie’s photography has won numerous awards, and her prints have been exhibited internationally.
Connect with Julie!
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Julie on Twitter (@juliewaterhouse)
Julie on Pinterest
Julie on LinkedIn
Julie on Google+
Julie’s 365 Project on Flickr
Worth a Thousand Words Back Issues
Worth a Thousand Words
Back Issues
Below are all the back issues of Worth a Thousand Words, the e-Zine for this website.
June 20, 2012 — Worth a Thousand Words, Issue #026 — Wedding Photography Tips and more!
May 16, 2012 — Worth a Thousand Words, Issue #025 — Water: Instead of Drinking it, Try This!
April 18, 2012 — Worth a Thousand Words, Issue #024 — Virtual Lighting Studio
March 21, 2012 — Worth a Thousand Words, Issue #023 — Dance of the Butterfly People
February 15, 2012 — Worth a Thousand Words, Issue #022 — Fabulous Family Photos
January 18, 2012 — Worth a Thousand Words, Issue #021 — Winter Photography
December 21, 2011 — Worth a Thousand Words, Issue #020 — Holiday Photo Books
November 16, 2011 — Worth a Thousand Words, Issue #019 — Cool Camera Simulator!
October 19, 2011 — Worth a Thousand Words, Issue #018 — Take Risks!
September 21, 2011 — Worth a Thousand Words, Issue #017 — Get Moving!
August 17, 2011 — Worth a Thousand Words, Issue #016 — A Honey of a Creativity Project For You
May 18, 2011 — Worth a Thousand Words, Issue #013 — You Could Be Wasting Your Time Editing Photos!
April 20, 2011 — Worth a Thousand Words, Issue #012 — Garbage In, Garbage Out
March 16, 2011 — Worth a Thousand Words, Issue #011 — Are You Making the Best Use of Color?
February 16, 2011 — Worth a Thousand Words, Issue #010
December 15, 2010 — Worth a Thousand Words, Issue #008 — 3 Tips for Better Holiday Photos
November 15, 2010 — Worth a Thousand Words, Issue #007 — Using Your Wide Angle Lens and much more
October 20, 2010 — Worth a Thousand Words, Issue #006 — Perk Up Your People Pictures
September 15, 2010 — Worth a Thousand Words, Issue #005 — Interview with Tony Sweet
August 18, 2010 — Worth a Thousand Words, Issue #004 — Tips for Better Summer Photography
May 17, 2010 — Worth a Thousand Words, Issue #001 — The real secret to creativity
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On the third Wednesday of each month you will receive the latest issue of "Worth a Thousand Words."
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Basic Photography Information
Here you will find a collection of tips to learn basic photography information, and prepare you for great shooting. Read this before you head out with your camera! From magic light to ridding yourself of preconceived ideas, learn about it here.
Contents:
The Golden Hour
The "golden hour" is known by some photographers as the "magic hour," or a time of "magic light." It occurs (roughly) during the hour before and after sunrise or sunset. This is the best time to be shooting outside. Why?
During the golden hour, the sun’s rays hit the earth at a lower angle. This makes the light softer (more diffuse), and warmer in hue, and the shadows longer. All in all, that makes for better photography.
Consider the following two images that were shot in the morning, only a few hours apart. I took both from almost the same camera position (the camera is shifted slightly to the right for the second image). I took the first image during magic hour at 5:20am, and I took the second only 3 hours later at 8:30am, after the sun was high in the sky. Notice how much warmer the light in the first image is; we see lovely orange tones.
Landscape shot at 5:20am, during golden hour.
© Julie Waterhouse Photography
Same landscape shot at 8:30am, after the sun was high in the sky.
© Julie Waterhouse Photography
What a difference the light makes! It’s definitely worth getting up in the morning.
Ready to learn basic photography information? Read on!
State of Mind
Be Prepared but Flexible.
Tip
Always carry your camera! Sounds silly to say, but it’s an essential ingredient of any great shot. If you have no camera, you have no shot at all!
You may not think of your state of mind as "basic photography information," but I think it’s crucial to taking great pictures.
All too often, we photographers get a preconceived notion about what we’re going to shoot that day. We decide that today is the day for us to shoot horses. Worse, we see a particular image in our minds ("I want to shoot a red barn against a blue sky, with some horses roaming in the front"). When we do that, we can spend the day driving around the countryside "looking" for that image, which may prove to be elusive (all the horses are in the barn that day!). End result? We’ve wasted the day.
Instead, be flexible. Sure, drive out into the countryside! But be open to what you find there. One of the best pieces of photographic advice I’ve received was at a talk by National Geographic photographer, Steve McCurry. Paraphrased in my own words, it was:
Look for where the great light is. What’s in that light? Shoot that!
On the other hand, as well as being flexible, you must still be prepared. There’s always a balance between being open to what you find, and being prepared. Here’s another favorite quote of mine:
"Luck is what happens when preparation meets opportunity."
–Seneca
So, have your gear ready, expect the unexpected, and take what you find!
Be Patient
State of mind is important, and patience is key. Landscape photographers must be patient enough to wait for the right light. Portrait photographers must be patient enough to wait for the right expression. Product and macro photographers who work in a studio have control over their subject and lighting, but must still have the patience to fine-tune their images.
Have the patience to persist until you get it right, and until you find that "wow" image. When you think you’ve taken all the images possible of a scene, you are often just getting started. Push through the block of thinking there’s nothing left, and keep shooting. You may surprise yourself with the results!
Connect with Your Emotions
My number one rule (okay, one of them!) is to shoot what you’re passionate about. If you’re not reacting emotionally to your subject matter, then surely the viewer of your image won’t either. If you’re not feeling excited (or stimulated by some strong emotion) when you look through the viewfinder, then don’t press the shutter button! Don’t you have enough ho-hum images clogging up your hard drive already?
Keep reading to learn basic photography information!
Yes, Do Read the Manual!
I know, I know! This seems like truly "basic photography information!" No one likes to read the manual! You just want to get out there and start shooting. Well, can we compromise? Read enough of the manual so that you know how to perform the basic operations with your camera that you’ll need in the field.
If you are just starting out, make sure you know how to choose your shooting "mode" (portrait? landscape?). Make sure you have chosen RAW vs JPEG for your images, as appropriate for your needs. Make sure you know how to view the image you’ve just taken. Be able to use your zoom.
Once you get a little further along, learn how to change your ISO, aperture and shutter speed, and make sure that you know how to display your histogram.
The worst thing to have happen is to see a great shot, and miss it because you’re too busy fumbling around with your camera settings!
Insure Your Equipment
Insurance also falls into the category of very "basic" photography information, but it shouldn’t be overlooked. The cost of camera equipment adds up faster than you think. If you are an amateur photographer, you can insure your equipment through your home insurance policy. Call your broker, and have them set up a rider on your policy. It will cost you a few extra dollars a year, but be well worth it if you have an accident! Make sure you itemize each piece of equipment (lenses, bodies, printers, tripod — anything expensive!) and include the serial number and replacement cost.
Next, you might want to read about Exposure Basics.
Children Portrait Photography
Want to learn how to photograph children so they look real and natural, and not like that posed department store children portrait photography? Our special guest writer Barbara Bender, a professional freelance photographer and writer, shares the tips she uses when doing child portrait photography of her grandchildren.
Photographing “Real” Kids:
Embrace the Chaos
by Barbara Bender
How to photograph children
© Barbara Bender
This article is not about making formal portraits of well behaved, dressed up little children who are smiling nicely for the camera. It’s about shooting kids as they really are… messy, adorable, active, silly-acting little people who can laugh with joy one minute and have a tantrum the next. Their emotions are extravagant and their faces and body language reflect them clearly. These feelings can dramatically change within seconds. When I photograph my seven grandchildren. I like to capture the unabashed laughter, the silliness, the tears and all the other precious, fleeting moments of their childhood. I want to photograph them as they are in that moment, not make them act out a role that I have determined for them.
This kind of child portrait photography is noisy, unpredictable, exhausting and exhilarating. In order to capture the true essence of kids and portray the ups and downs of childhood you must have your camera ready at every moment, and work with each situation as it quickly arises. You need to accept the fact that your image quality may not live up to your usual photographic standards. The use of a higher ISO, necessary to "freeze" swiftly moving kids, can result in digital noise. There may be some camera shake or unintentional motion blur. Backgrounds might be messy, and the light not always ideal. Because you only have seconds to shoot, your compositions can sometimes be awkward. However, if you embrace the chaos and relax with the fact that there may be some technical flaws in many of your images, and if your image is honest and evocative, you will have created a successful photograph.
Children portrait photography
© Barbara Bender
Advanced planning is essential in child portrait photography. Very few kids will wait patiently while you switch lenses, adjust settings, or change batteries or memory cards. They are too busy, and if you’re involved doing camera stuff, you will miss the shot. Come to the shoot with freshly charged batteries and several large capacity memory cards. A zoom lens which covers a good span of focal lengths is very useful. Although it offends my artistic sensibilities to have no control over my depth of field, I often shoot in Program mode when photographing the little ones at times when things are happening at warp speed. I set my ISO to 500 or 1000, depending on the light, even though I know that there will be some digital noise. I’d rather capture the moment and the expression, than risk missing it while I fiddle with camera controls. Since action happens quickly and unexpectedly around kids, I set my camera on the continuous shooting mode and often keep shooting even after I think the moment has passed. Frequently the seconds following the "main event" can hold interesting possibilities.
Barbara shares her thoughts on
how to photograph children…
"Advanced planning is essential…"
Babies
It is very difficult to capture the personality of very young babies in still photographs, but once they reach several months of age, their characters have begun to emerge, and photographing them becomes easier and more fun. There are countless opportunities for photos as babies begin to sit, crawl, walk and play. Bath times and mealtimes are also full of photographic potential. Just be there and ready, and capture the spontaneous moments as they occur, without any specific agenda in mind.
Toddlers
Children portrait photography
© Barbara Bender
Toddlers are loveable, impossible, stubborn, full of energy and usually have minds of their own. Good luck trying to get them to cooperate. One minute they are full of giggles; the next in a flood of tears. Follow their lead, accept them for themselves and enjoy the moment. They are busy little people, with many interests, and you can follow them around and photograph all of it. Don’t forget, they’re small, so get down to their level for better pictures.
Preschoolers
By three or four, kids have settled down somewhat and can usually communicate very well. They may follow your instructions… for about two minutes… then will want to direct the shoot themselves. Ask them what they would like to be doing in their pictures.
Around this time, kids often become self conscious and can’t figure out how to smile naturally. Because they often love to make silly faces and rude noises, use this to your advantage, and ask them to show you their repertoire of goofy expressions and poses. They’ll have a blast and as they laugh in a genuine way at their own cleverness, you can often capture that.
Children portrait photography
© Barbara Bender
School-Aged Kids
They’re bigger and want to appear mature, but they’re still kids, and most love to horse around and be silly. Again, photograph them doing what they enjoy doing, and let them tell you what that is. When children are engrossed in an activity, their facial expressions and body language are genuine and natural and the pictures will be more evocative and will reveal their personalities.
Children portrait photography
© Barbara Bender
So, embrace the chaos of children portrait photography! Have your camera with you, set up and ready to shoot, and be prepared for whatever happens. Take advantage of the moments and opportunities as they arise, but don’t forget to join in the fun and enjoy yourself.
Tip:
BetterPhoto.com teaches online photography courses on a whole variety of subjects. I’ve taken three of them myself, and highly recommend the company. They have a 4-week course called "Photographing Children and Babies" that teaches more great tips for photographing kids, to add to what you’ve learned from Barbara. Secure Your Seat TODAY!
~Julie
Children portrait photography
© Barbara Bender
About Barbara Bender
Barbara Bender is a freelance professional photographer and writer who uses various creative techniques, emphasis on design, and simple, often graphic composition to make photographs which are frequently expressive in nature. Her photographs have been featured in such publications as Nature’s Best Awards Issue, Black and White Magazine, and Color Magazine. A series of articles on photographic Creativity and Playfulness was featured in PhotoLife Magazine in 2010. Over forty-five of her images have been used as book covers for Guernica Editions. As an active member of the Greater Toronto Council of Camera Clubs, she gives presentations and workshops on various photographic topics.
Next, you may want to read some portrait photography tips.
Close up PhotographyeBooks
Close up Photography
eBooks
Improve your close up photography with these downloadable PDF eBooks. In these books, I share my passion for, and extensive experience with, macro photography. The books are written to be clear and easy to understand, and are filled with spectacular, full color images to stimulate your creativity.
Create Close Up Photographs You Can Be Proud Of
Save Money!
Buy Creative Closeup Photography and Creative Closeup Photography II together, and get a special price! Only $12 for both!
I have been speaking and giving workshops on close up photography for years, and finally decided it was time to put pen to paper (well, fingers to keyboard, anyway!) to share my experience and love of macro photography with you.
Have you ever struggled to get the close up images you want? Close up photography differs from traditional photography in a number of key ways. Through my workshops, I’ve seen people struggle because they are not expecting these differences, and are unsure how to handle them, or unaware of them altogether. In these eBooks, I attempt to unlock the mysteries of the macro world, with clear descriptions and illustrative images. No more wondering how it’s done! I’ll share expert macro photography tips and tricks that will fix the problems you’ve been experiencing.
Do you want to take better closeup photographs? I want to help you to start taking pictures that will give you a sense of pride and accomplishment; pictures that will "wow" your friends, and that you’d be happy to hang on your wall. Learn from the informative content in these eBooks, and be inspired by the beautiful and creative images.
Creative Closeup Photography eBook
What’s Inside?
Creative Closeup Photography is a 60-page, downloadable PDF eBook full of helpful tips, useful information, and spectacular, full color images to inspire you to create better close up photographs.
Equipment
I talk about all the basic equipment involved in close up photography, from lenses to extension tubes to diopters.
Depth of Field
One of the biggest challenges of close up photography is having extremely limited depth of field. I discuss depth of field in detail, including how to select the aperture appropriate to the situation.
Composition
Just because you’re close up doesn’t mean you can forget the rules of composition! I also discuss background choice, and the necessity of eliminating distractions.
And More!
I include some nuggets on lighting, working with nature, and overall workflow.
ONLY $8 Buy now:
Buy together with Creative Closeup Photography II and S A V E! Only $12 for both. Buy now:
What if I don’t have a PayPal account?
If you don’t have a PayPal account, don’t worry! The PayPal checkout interface gives you the option to pay by credit card, even if you don’t have a PayPal account.
How do I download my eBook?
After you’ve paid for the eBook, the PayPal checkout interface will display a "Click here to download…" link to download the your copy of the book.
Creative Closeup Photography II
What’s Inside?
Creative Closeup Photography II is a 58-page, downloadable PDF eBook full of helpful tips, useful information, and spectacular, full color images to inspire you to create better close up photographs. It is the perfect companion to the first Creative Closeup Photography eBook
What’s the Difference?
I examine some of the key differences between closeup and traditional photography so that you can start using them to your advantage.
Focusing
I provide some tips to help with the tricky task of focusing close up. I also provide extensive discussion on the technique of selective focus, which you can use to create artistic, painterly images.
Advanced Equipment
I de-mystify focusing rails, bellows, stacking lenses, right angle viewfinder attachments, and the Lensbaby™.
Camera Features
Your camera may have some useful features that can help with your macro photography: mirror lockup, and depth of field preview.
Controlling Light
This is where’s where the magic happens! I provide comprehensive information about reflectors and diffusers, including how to make your own at almost no cost.
Workflow
I reveal the start to finish process that I
use when photographing closeups.
ONLY $8 Buy now:
Buy together with Creative Closeup Photography and S A V E! Only $12 for both.
What if I don’t have a PayPal account?
If you don’t have a PayPal account, don’t worry! The PayPal checkout interface gives you the option to pay by credit card, even if you don’t have a PayPal account.
How do I download my eBook?
After you’ve paid for the eBook, the PayPal checkout interface will display a "Click here to download…" link to download the your copy of the book.
Thank You, >!
Calibrate Monitor
Is “calibrate monitor” on your todo list? If not, you are missing an essential step in your photo processing workflow. I will go so far as to say that if you are editing your images after you take them, and your monitor is not calibrated, then you are wasting your time!
If you’re not sure what monitor calibration means, why it’s important, or how to go about it, then this page is for you.
“Calibrate Monitor” — What Does it Mean?
To calibrate a monitor means to adjust its color, brightness and contrast settings so that its color output matches a standard.
Printer Test Image
(source of original: www.digitaldog.net)
Which one of the above images is “correct?” Unless you are looking at this on a calibrated monitor, I’m not even sure what you’ll see. On my calibrated monitor, the top left image is the color correct one. The top right has a warm cast, and the bottom left has a green cast. The bottom right is too dark. If your monitor is not calibrated, your may see something quite different.
Why Calibrate Monitors?
Color calibration is critical so that you and I see the same image when we look at our monitors. As long as your viewer is using a calibrated monitor, they should see the same colors that you do when you create your images for the web.
Color calibration is also critical so that your photographic prints look like what you see on your monitor. There are many steps in producing a perfect print, but a key one in a color managed workflow is monitor calibration. Imaging if you don’t calibrate your monitor. You spend minutes or even hours tweaking your images in a RAW processor like Adobe Lightroom or Photoshop to get exactly what you want on the screen. Perfect! Now you print the photograph, or perhaps post it to your website. Someone else comes along who has a calibrated system, and they may see an image with a green cast, or one that’s too dark. That’s because your monitor colors were off when you created the image. So, you have wasted your precious time.
How Do You Calibrate Monitors?
To properly calibrate a monitor, you need a device called a colorimeter, and some software. The colorimeter is a physical device that you place on your monitor. The software that comes with it will display shades or red, green, blue, and grey on your monitor, while the device reads the color values. It will use a software algorithm to create a color profile of your monitor. This profile stores the proper color settings for your monitor so that they match a universal standard, and the profile is loaded whenever you start your computer.
Spyder Calibration from Datacolor
There are a number of different products on the market that calibrate monitors. They range in price anywhere from about $100 to $3000 USD. This is one item that is worth investing in, but you don’t need to go crazy. You can get a good product for the bottom price in the range. The one I use and recommend is Spyder3 from Datacolor. I have used Spyder calibration with both a PC and a Mac, and with both a CRT display and an LCD. It works like a charm, is straightforward to use, and has given me excellent results when used in my printing workflow. It’s also reasonably priced, at under USD$150.
Whatever product you choose, make sure it works on your operating system, and make sure it works for the type of display you want to calibrate: a CRT, an LCD, a laptop, or a projector.
“Todo: Calibrate Monitor” — How Often?
Your calibration software will likely remind you when it’s time to recalibrate. About once a month is probably reasonable. LCD monitors are a little more stable than CRT’s so may need calibrating less often, but why take a chance? Color calibration is so critical, that I would make the process part of your regular routine. It only takes a few minutes.
Tips for Monitor Calibration
You should warm up your monitor for an hour before calibrating.
Plug in the colorimeter device for about 5 minutes before using
it, to let it warm up too.
Turn your screen saver and other power saving features off during calibration. You don’t want your monitor to go dark part-way through the process, or you’ll have to start over again!
Calibrate in a darkened room, in the light under which you normally edit your photographs. Make sure you have no external lights falling on the screen. I even go so far as to make sure I’m wearing neutral clothing (no bright red sweater!) if I will be sitting in front of the monitor during calibration to avoid unwanted reflections of color on the screen.
If you use a laptop with an external monitor, make sure you are creating a profile for the correct screen.
If you have an older version of a color calibration product, make sure you download the latest software driver from the Datacolor website if you want to install it on a newer version of your O/S.
Check out these
monitor calibration
tools from B&H
Now you are ready to check “calibrate monitor” off your todo list! Next you may want to learn about the rest of the digital photo workflow.
Digital Camera Basics III: Sensors
Digital Camera Basics III:
Sensors
Learn a few digital camera basics. Understand what a sensor is. Find out the difference between a full-frame sensor and cropped sensor, and which one is right for you. Discover what a crop factor is.
What is a Sensor?
How your camera’s sensor works is basic photography information that every photographer should know. The image sensor on your camera converts an optical image to an electrical signal. It is the digital equivalent of film, in that it is the light-sensitive recording medium of the image. An image sensor is typically one of two kinds: a CCD (charge-coupled device), or a CMOS (complementary metal–oxide semiconductor).
CCD is a technology that has been around for over twenty years. CCD sensors are found on digital cameras that produce high quality images. CMOS is a much newer and less expensive technology, and its arrival has contributed to the drop in prices of digital cameras. Since their introduction for inexpensive point and shoot cameras, CMOS sensor have vastly improved in quality and are now found in high end digital cameras as well. Both technologies can produce excellent images, and the sensor type should not be a deciding factor in which camera you buy.
Full Frame Camera versus Cropped Sensors
Digital Camera Basics: Sensor Sizes
Camera sensors are available in a variety of sizes, and size does matter!
A number of higher-end DSLR cameras have "full frame" sensors, which means they are equivalent in size to 35mm film. The sensor measure 36mm in width by 24mm in height, giving a 3:2 aspect ratio. Full frame camera sensors include the Canon 1Ds and 5D series and the Nikon D3 and D700.
Other DSLR cameras are made with sensors that are smaller. These are referred to as having a crop factor.
The crop factor is the sensor’s diagonal size compared to a full-frame 35 mm sensor. For Canon cameras like the 50D and 7D, the crop factor is 1.6. For Nikon cameras like the D40X and D300, it is 1.5.
The reason for the name "crop factor" is because when you are shooting with a 35mm lens, the sensor effectively crops out that much of the outside edge of the image because of the smaller sensor size.
© Julie Waterhouse Photography
Throwing away the outer part of the image is not all bad. Lenses are typically sharpest in the middle of the image, so with a cropped sensor, you are throwing away the least sharp part of the image, which can be helpful when using low quality lenses.
Digital Camera Basics: Effective Length of Your Lenses
The focal length multiplier of a lens is equal to the crop factor. It relates the focal length of a lens used with a smaller sensor to that of a lens used with a full frame camera sensor that produces the equivalent angle of view. For example, a 100mm lens used on a sensor with a 1.6x crop factor would produce the same field of view as a 1.6×100 = 160mm lens on a full frame sensor.
This means that when using a cropped sensor, you are forced to use a wider angle lens to produce the same angle of view as you would get with a larger sensor.
Be careful with the term "focal length multiplier," as it is somewhat misleading. The focal length of the lens does not change, no matter what size of sensor it is used with. Only the angle of view changes.
Digital Camera Basics: Impact of Sensor Size on Image Quality
Image sensor size might be a more important factor, in terms of its impact on image quality, than the number of megapixels it can record.
Image sensor size affects depth of field, dynamic range, and noise. Let’s examine each one.
Depth of field. Depth of field is much shallower for larger format sensors. Why? In order to fill the frame with your subject, a larger sensor means that you have to move closer to your subject, or use a longer focal length lens. Correspondingly, the depth of field will decrease for a given aperture. This means that your must use progressively smaller apertures in order to maintain the same depth of field with larger sensors.
Dynamic Range. Dynamic range is the range from light to dark in an image, outside of which, whites become "blown out" and blacks become "blocked up" with no texture or detail. Larger sensors generally (although not always) contain larger pixels. Larger pixels have greater volume, and can hold more photons of light. This generally gives them greater dynamic range.
Noise. Sensor size can also impact noise. Larger pixels (usually found on larger sensors) receive a greater amount of light over a given exposure duration (at a fixed aperture), so their light signal is much stronger, producing a higher signal to noise ratio, and a less noisy image.
I hope those digital camera basics were helpful!
Next, you may want to visit the first digital photography basics page to learn more about noise.
Digital Camera Basics:DSLR vs Compact Digital
Digital Camera Basics:
DSLR vs Compact Digital
Let’s start with a few digital camera basics. What’s the difference between a DSLR and a compact digital camera? Which one is right for you? With the price and feature gaps closing between DSLRs and compact point and shoot digital cameras, buying decisions are becoming more confusing. This article may help to clarify your choices.
DSLR versus Compact Digital
What are the Differences?
A Technical Description
DSLR stands for "digital SLR," or “digital single lens reflex” camera. "Single lens reflex" refers to the mechanics by which you see the image when you look through the viewfinder. The short story is that the light that is reflecting from the scene you are shooting passes directly through the lens, and is bounced off a mirror onto a prism, and then reaches your eye through the viewfinder. Light only reaches the sensor when you take the picture. At that point, the mirror is raised, and light from the scene projects directly onto the sensor to make the image.
In contrast, a compact digital (or "point and shoot") camera constantly exposes the sensor to light from the scene. The camera’s LCD screen becomes an electronic viewfinder. This is easier to view in low light, but harder to see in bright light.
The mirror arrangement in a DSLR usually prevents you from viewing the scene on the screen before the photograph is taken.
However, many newer DSLR models now have a live preview feature, allowing the LCD to be used as a viewfinder in the same way as a compact digital camera, although with the optical viewfinder disabled.
Compare cameras: which one is right for you?
Let’s examine the pros and cons of each type of camera.
The advantages of a DSLR over a point and shoot are:
- (1) the viewfinder on an SLR looks directly through the lens on the camera. This means that your viewfinder shows you a much more accurate representation of the final image than with a point and shoot.
- (2) SLR cameras have interchangeable lenses, allowing the photographer more variety of choice and quality.
- (3) Most DSLRs also have a function that allows the photographer to preview of depth of field.
- (4) The
larger sensor on a DSLR allows for greater depth of field, reduces noise, and produces better image quality. - (5) Although newer compact digital cameras are beginning to provide more control over settings, they are still limited. A DSLR will give you much more flexibility and control over your photographs.
- (6) If you want to capture motion (like children playing or pets running around), you may be frustrated with many compact digital cameras on the market. There is often a delay between when you click the shutter, and when the image is taken. Sometimes, your subject has moved out of the frame by the time the image is made! Talk to your camera retailer if this is an issue for you. Some point and shoots are better than others in this regard, although none will match a DSLR.
Digital Camera Basics: DSLR camera
© Julie Waterhouse Photography
Tip
Determine how "serious" you are about your photography. Are you making memories, or making art for your walls? Do you want to have a small, lightweight camera that you can slip in a pocket, or are you okay with carrying a lot of gear? These choices will guide your purchasing decision.
The disadvantages of a DSLR are:
- (1) DSLRs are dropping in price, but still tend to be more expensive than a point and shoot. This is especially true if you begin to invest in a number of lenses and accessories.
- (2) A DSLR tends to be bulkier and heavier than a point and shoot. If you like to be able to drop your camera in your purse or pocket, you may not want to lug around a DSLR, lenses and a tripod.
- (3) There’s a steeper learning curve with a DSLR. You have more controls to master if you want to take full advantage of all the features available to you.
- (4) DSLRs require a little more maintenance than compact digital cameras. When interchanging lenses, sensor dust may get on the sensor, and need to be carefully cleaned off. Newer DSLRs have self-cleaning mechanisms, but they are not perfect.
Digital Camera Basics: Point and shoot camera
© Julie Waterhouse Photography
I hope these digital camera basics have helped you to compare cameras, clarify your needs, and make a purchasing decision.
Next, you may want to visit the next digital camera basics page to learn What is a Pixel?